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C/SPINE KEMPS	HOW TO PERFORM TEST	POSITIVE SIGN	INDICATION
	Client Seated Client extends, ipsilaterally rotates, and ipsilaterally side bends head. Therapist applies a mild downward compression force	Ipsilateral pain in C/Spine	C/Spine Facet Joint Irritation

L/SPINE KEMPS	HOW TO PERFORM TEST	POSITIVE SIGN	INDICATION
	Client Standing. Therapist assists client to extend, ipsilaterally rotate, and ipsilaterally side bend the torso. (Apply overpressure in extension)	Ipsilateral pain in L/Spine	L/Spine Facet Joint Irritation

COMPRESSION TEST	HOW TO PERFORM TEST	POSITIVE SIGN	INDICATION
	Client Upright. Apply a downwards pressure on client’s head in the neutral position	Local pain in the C/Spine	Facet Joint Irritation or Nerve Root Compression

SPURLING’S	HOW TO PERFORM TEST	POSITIVE SIGN	INDICATION
	Client Seated. Laterally flex clients head and apply a downwards compression force.	Pain or numbness radiating to ipsilateral arm. (dermatomal pattern)	Nerve Root Compression

JACKSON’S	HOW TO PERFORM TEST	POSITIVE SIGN	INDICATION
	Client Seated. Rotate clients head and apply downward pressure. Repeat test with client’s head rotated the other way	Pain or numbness radiating to ipsilateral arm (dermatomal pattern)	Nerve Root Compression

DISTRACTION TEST	HOW TO PERFORM TEST	POSITIVE SIGN	INDICATION
	Client Seated Slowly elevate client’s head by placing one hand under the chin, and the other under the occiput, and lifting.	Relief of pain and neurological symptoms	Nerve Root Compression

C/SPINE KEMPS